se

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1)  A type of ancient Chinese plucked zither.

Noun

 * 1) cloud

Etymology
From,. An Afrikaans innovation is the use of se regardless of the number or gender of the possessor, which may be due to a merger with the Dutch genitive suffix as well as, perhaps, the adjective suffix.

Particle

 * Hierdie is my ouma se huis. — This is my grandmother’s house.
 * Hierdie is my ouma se huis. — This is my grandmother’s house.

Etymology
From, from ,. Interrogative and relative pronoun, especially in connection with a preposition.

Conjunction

 * 1) that, as, when
 * Më duket se ke nevojë për disa shokë të rinj. — It seems to me that you need some new friends.
 * Vëllai im më tha se don të bisedojë me ty rreth librit të ri. — My brother told me that he wants to talk to you about the new book.

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) she, her
 * 2) they, them

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) water

Pronoun

 * 1) that, this
 * Petra eo se? — What's that?

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) himself, herself, itself (direct or indirect object)
 * 2) oneself (direct or indirect object)
 * 3) themselves (direct or indirect object)
 * 4) each other (direct or indirect object)

Usage notes

 * The use of se and other direct personal pronouns can indicate the in Catalan.
 * The use of se and other direct personal pronouns can indicate the in Catalan.

Numeral

 * 1) one (number).

Numeral

 * 1) one.

Etymology
From, merged from , , , from , , , the nominative plural forms of. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1)  they

Numeral

 * 1) one.

Etymology 1
From, from , from , from.

Pronoun

 * oneself
 * myself
 * yourself
 * himself
 * herself
 * itself
 * ourselves
 * yourselves
 * themselves
 * themselves

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1)  oneself

Etymology
From, from , , from , cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, from.

Verb

 * 1) to see
 * 2)  to see each other

Conjugation
reciprocal

Numeral

 * 1) one

Etymology
Borrowed from, influenced by and.

Conjunction

 * 1) if

Noun

 * 1) law

Etymology
From, , from.

Pronoun

 * 1) ; one
 * : oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves, yourself; each other, one another
 * : oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves, yourself; each other, one another

Usage notes

 * Takes the form when suffixed to an impersonal verb form.

Conjunction

 * 1) whether, or.

Noun

 * 1) flower
 * 2) gills

Etymology 1
From, from. For plural forms, see etymology of.

The variation in inflectional stems dates back to at least Late Proto-Finnic. The oblique stem, seen in most inflected forms, is also found in other Finnic languages, such as the following cognates of the partitive singular : 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬. This is possibly a remnant of the original expected form (due to final e > i) which was reversed in some forms, possibly as influence from the plural.

The stem, seen in internal locative case forms may have been generalized from the plural forms as a means to distinguish from partitive/essive , ; expected internal locative cases , may have been avoided as a dissimilation. Compare (inessive singular of ).

Pronoun

 * 1)  that when the speaker does not point at the thing, either physically or mentally; compare, see usage notes
 * 2)  it
 * 3) the one (who, what, which) always with a relative clause
 * 4)  he, she, one, (singular) they the pronoun does not determine the sex/gender of the person
 * 1) the one (who, what, which) always with a relative clause
 * 2)  he, she, one, (singular) they the pronoun does not determine the sex/gender of the person
 * 1) the one (who, what, which) always with a relative clause
 * 2)  he, she, one, (singular) they the pronoun does not determine the sex/gender of the person
 * 1)  he, she, one, (singular) they the pronoun does not determine the sex/gender of the person
 * 1)  he, she, one, (singular) they the pronoun does not determine the sex/gender of the person
 * 1)  he, she, one, (singular) they the pronoun does not determine the sex/gender of the person

Determiner

 * 1) that not pointed at by the speaker; compare, see usage notes
 * 2)  the
 * 1)  the
 * 1)  the

Usage notes

 * Both and  can be translated as "that"; see  for more information on the difference between the two.
 * In colloquial and dialectal Finnish, is the usual and neutral personal pronoun in the third person singular, and its standard Finnish counterpart  is restricted to certain particular uses. Using  of a person carries no negative connotation.
 * Due to the influence of Germanic languages, and nowadays especially to that of English, may often be used as a kind of definite article in colloquial Finnish, though in standard Finnish, where word order expresses whether something is definite or indefinite, this colloquial usage is ungrammatical. (Compare the usage of .)

Inflection
Irregular (singular stems:, , , plural stems: , ).

Etymology 2
Akin to.

Interjection

 * 1) here you go;

Usage notes
Despite being an interjection, some verb-like forms can also be found.

Etymology
From.

Conjunction

 * 1) if

Etymology
From, from , from. See also.

Pronoun

 * 1) (to) himself
 * 2) (to) herself
 * 3) (to) oneself
 * 4) (to) itself
 * 5) (to) themselves
 * 6) (to) each other
 * 1) (to) each other

Usage notes

 * becomes before a vowel or unaspirated h, and sometimes, in nonstandard writing, in other cases where the  would be silent, e.g. in lyrics.
 * is often used with an actual subject, but it is also very often used with an abstract subject:
 * Il est normal de se parler. — It is normal to talk to oneself.

Etymology 1
From (13th century, ), from.

Conjunction

 * 1) if

Pronoun

 * 1) (to) himself
 * 2) (to) herself
 * 3) (to) oneself
 * 4) (to) itself
 * 5) (to) themselves
 * 6) (to) each other
 * 1) (to) themselves
 * 2) (to) each other

Noun

 * 1) husband

Etymology
From, variously from and , ultimately developed from forms of  and possibly influenced by.

Pronoun

 * 1) she
 * Se is Anke. — She is Anke (Annie).

Pronoun

 * 1) they
 * Se kaamt ut Bremen. — They come from Bremen.

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬

Verb

 * 1) to hear, to listen
 * 2) to understand

Etymology
From.

Verb

 * 1) to be
 * 2) that is (compare French c'est)
 * 3) it is (compare French c'est)

Usage notes

 * Use at the end of a clause.
 * This word does not appear when the predicate is an adjective or prepositional phrase, except when the preposition in the prepositional phrase is or.

Derived terms




Etymology 1
From.

Conjunction

 * 1) if
 * La klerko komencus laborar se ilu povus. — The clerk would begin to work if he could.
 * Se me povus, me komprus altra domo. — If I could, I would buy another house.

Etymology 2
From.

Etymology
From. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) this, that
 * 2)  that
 * 1)  that
 * 1)  that

Determiner

 * 1) this, that
 * 2)  that
 * 1)  that

Usage notes

 * Se and neet are anaphoric: That is to say they refer to something previously mentioned (or soon afterwards mentioned) in the conversation. In contrast, and  are deictic, and thus refer to physical entities.
 * Although Junus (1936; p. 99) describes sen as the accusative and senen as the genitive, in practice, sen is often used as a short form of the genitive as well.
 * In the Soikkola dialect, the functions of have merged into se.

Pronoun

 * 1) Reflexive: oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves.
 * 2) Reciprocal: each other, one another.
 * 3) Used for passive constructions with undetermined agent (translated by "one").
 * (Literally, “...the sea sees itself.”)
 * 1) Hence, used for expressions of the type "to get/become ...-ed".
 * espaventar — “to frighten”; espaventar se = "to get frightened" (lit., "to frighten oneself")
 * 1) Hence, used for expressions of the type "to get/become ...-ed".
 * espaventar — “to frighten”; espaventar se = "to get frightened" (lit., "to frighten oneself")

Usage notes

 * Many verbs bear a reflexive pronoun by default. must be replaced by, , etc., according to the subject.
 * infiltrar se — “to infiltrate”
 * repentir se — “to repent”

Etymology
From.

Etymology 1
From or from Late Latin se(d), from Latin sī and quid ("what").

Conjunction

 * 1) if
 * 2) whether
 * 3) if only
 * 1) if only

Etymology 2
From.

Usage notes

 * Used when followed by a third-person direct object clitic (,, , , or ).

Etymology 3
From.

Conjunction

 * : if (only); even if

Usage notes

 * Used to express a conditional with the implicit hope on the part of the speaker that something does or does not happen. Always followed by the subjunctive.

Etymology
.

Verb

 * 1) to say, to tell

Pronoun

 * 1)  that

Etymology
From, , from.

Pronoun

 * 1) he/she/it (absent from speaker) 3rd-person personal pronoun

Etymology
From, from , from.

Determiner

 * 1) this, that

Pronoun

 * 1) this, that
 * 2) he, she, it

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1)  one, you, we, they, people. Note: often translated using the passive voice in English.
 * 2)  oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves; (reciprocal) each other, one another. Note: With some verbs, si is not translated in English.

Verb

 * 1) to know
 * 2) to be able to

Etymology
From.

Usage notes

 * is very common as the emphatic form of the accusative pronoun, especially in reference to a preceding, or at the beginning or the end of a clause.

Etymology
From, from +.

Conjunction

 * 1) if

Etymology
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) that
 * 2) he

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves, oneself
 * 2) each other, one another

Derived terms

 * se wě

Etymology
Shortened form of, from.

Etymology
Sometimes thought to have been inherited from, from. However, it is more likely that the similarity is entirely coincidental and that is merely a shortened form of.

Etymology 1
From, , variants of. More at.

Adverb

 * 1) so

Etymology
From, from.

Pronoun

 * 1) himself
 * 2) herself
 * 3) oneself
 * 4) itself
 * 5) themselves
 * 6) each other
 * 7) to himself
 * 8) to herself
 * 9) to oneself
 * 10) to itself
 * 11) to themselves
 * 12) to each other
 * 1) to themselves
 * 2) to each other

Usage notes

 * Whether to translate as himself, herself, oneself, itself, themselves or each other depends on the gender (male, female or none) and number (singular or plural).
 * Usually becomes before a vowel. In older manuscripts, it becomes  with no apostrophe.

Etymology
Variously from and, ultimately developed from forms of  and possibly influenced by.

Pronunciation

 * Stem vowel: ê⁴

Pronoun

 * 1)  she
 * 2) her
 * 3)  they
 * 4) them

Etymology
From, from. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Verb

 * 1) to drink

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) reflexive third person pronoun: oneself, himself, itself, herself, themselves etc.

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Pronunciation




Pronoun

 * 1)  first-person singular personal pronoun (I, me, my)

Usage notes

 * As a second-class pronoun, is used as the subject of a sentence when its verb is a second-class one (those verbs are sometimes referred to as adjectives). The personal pronoun  is also used when governed by any postposition with the exception of  and . Finally,  is used as a possessive pronoun as well.

Etymology
From, from.

Verb

 * 1)  to

Etymology
From, from , from.

Noun

 * 1) dog

Synonyms

 * kûçik

Etymology
From, from , from.

Verb

 * 1) to see.

Etymology
From, replacing earlier *sā, from.

Article

 * 1) the

Determiner

 * 1) that

Pronoun

 * 1) that
 * 2) the one / that one
 * 3) (relative) that, who, what
 * 1) (relative) that, who, what
 * 1) (relative) that, who, what
 * 1) (relative) that, who, what
 * 1) (relative) that, who, what
 * 1) (relative) that, who, what

Usage notes

 * The word "the" was used somewhat more sparingly in Old English than in the modern language. One reason is, English had only recently developed a word for "the" (sē previously only meant "that"), leaving many nouns and phrases which had a definite meaning but which people continued to use without a definite article out of custom. Examples of words which usually went without the word "the" include:
 * Names of peoples, such as, , and . Ġelīefst þū þæt Dene magon bēon oferswīðde? (“Do you believe the Danes can be defeated?”).
 * All river names. On Temese flēat ān sċip (“A boat was floating on the Thames ”).
 * A few nouns denoting types of locations, namely, , and . Þū fēolle on eorðan and slōge þīn hēafod (“You fell on the ground and hit your head”). Note that eorþe was often used with a definite article when it meant "the Earth."
 * "the world," whether expressed with weorold or middanġeard. Iċ eom æt hām on ealre weorolde, þǣr þǣr sind wolcnu and fuglas and mennisċe tēaras (“I feel at home in the whole world , where there are clouds and birds and human tears”).
 * A couple of abstract concepts, namely and . Iċ seċġe ēow sōþ, þæt iċ swerie (“I'm telling you the truth, I swear”).
 * Dryhten (“the Lord”).
 * and . Iċ ārās on lætne morgen and ēode niðer (“I got up late in the morning and went downstairs”).
 * The four seasons,, , , and . On sumore hit biþ wearm and on wintra ċeald (“In the summer it's warm and in the winter it's cold”).
 * ,, and . Þā þe forðġewitennesse ġemunan ne magon, hīe bēoþ ġeniðrode hīe tō ġeedlǣċenne (“Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it”).
 * forma sīþ (“the first time”), ōþer sīþ (“the second time”), etc. Hwæt þōhtest þū þā þū mē forman sīðe ġemēttest? (“What did you think when you met me for the first time ?”).
 * þīestra (“the dark”). Iċ āwēox, ac iċ nǣfre ne ġeswāc mē þīestra tō ondrǣdenne (“I grew up, but I never stopped being scared of the dark ”).
 * Genitive phrases could include the word "the" before the head noun, but most often did not. Instead, genitive phrases were commonly formed like possessive phrases in modern English, with the genitive noun preceding the head noun ("John's car," not "the car of John"). Thus “the fall of Rome” was Rōme hryre, literally “Rome's fall,” and “the god of fire” was fȳres god, literally “fire's god.”

Etymology 1
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) himself (reflexive direct and indirect third-person singular pronoun)
 * 2) herself (reflexive direct and indirect third-person singular pronoun)
 * 3) itself (reflexive direct and indirect third-person singular pronoun)
 * 4) oneself (reflexive direct and indirect third-person singular pronoun)
 * 5) themselves (reflexive direct and indirect third-person plural pronoun)

Etymology 2
From.

Conjunction

 * 1) if
 * 2) then (afterwards; following)

Pronoun

 * 1) she
 * 2) they

Etymology
From.

Article

 * 1) definite article: the
 * 2) demonstrative adjective: that, those
 * 1) demonstrative adjective: that, those

Adjective

 * 1) one.

Etymology
Compare 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) she, her

Determiner

 * 1) the
 * 2) that (agr: rem fem / rem non-nom masc)

Determiner

 * 1) the
 * 2) those (agr: rem)

Pronoun

 * it
 * 1) she (rem fem nom)

Pronoun

 * 1) they (rem nom)

Pronoun

 * 1) I

Etymology
From. Compare 🇨🇬. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, and 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1) one

Article

 * 1) a, indefinite article

Pronoun

 * 1) someone, something, indefinite pronoun

Pronoun

 * ,, , , etc.

Etymology 1
From, , from.

Usage notes

 * When the verb precedes se, a hyphen must be used. In Portugal post-verb se is more common, while in Brazil it usually precedes the verb.
 * Many verb senses take a reflexive pronoun by default; they are called pronominal verbs. must be replaced by, , etc. according to the subject.
 * Many ergative English verbs are translated by a bare verb for transitive usage and a pronominal one for intransitive:
 * Many ergative English verbs are translated by a bare verb for transitive usage and a pronominal one for intransitive:
 * Many ergative English verbs are translated by a bare verb for transitive usage and a pronominal one for intransitive:

Etymology 2
From, from.

Conjunction

 * 1)   introduces a condition

Pronoun

 * 1)  ; "you"

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1)  oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves

Adverb

 * 1)  up, upward, upwards

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) his/her father
 * 2) his/her paternal uncle

Article

 * 1) a

Etymology 1
From, from , from.

Pronoun

 * 1) oneself (clitic form of reflexive pronoun)
 * 2) myself
 * 3) ourselves
 * 4) thyself (archaic)
 * 5) yourself, yourselves
 * 6) himself, herself, itself
 * 7) themselves

Etymology 2
From.

Particle

 * 1)  this is; here is

Etymology
From. In the “yes” sense, from. .

Adverb

 * 1) yes

Etymology
From.

Pronoun

 * 1) oneself: myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
 * 2) ourselves, yourselves, themselves
 * 3) Dummy pronoun to make a verb intransitive, reflexive, or for reflexive voice.

Etymology 1
From.

Pronoun

 * 1)  oneself, himself, herself, itself, yourself; each other; one another
 * 2)   and
 * 1)   and
 * 1)   and
 * 1)   and

Usage notes

 * is used as a suffix with verbs in the infinitive and imperative.

Etymology 2
From (from, compare 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬), whose pronunciation shifted from  to  in , at which point it was reanalyzed as  (rather than shifting to  as expected).

Pronoun

 * 1)   and

Etymology
Borrowed from.

Etymology
From, , , from , , from. Final -g of the past tense form added under influence of the Old Swedish plural form.

Verb

 * 1) to see (not be blind)
 * 2) to look
 * 3)  to see; to understand
 * 4) to see, to visualize; to form a mental picture of
 * 1)  to see; to understand
 * 2) to see, to visualize; to form a mental picture of
 * 1)  to see; to understand
 * 2) to see, to visualize; to form a mental picture of
 * 1) to see, to visualize; to form a mental picture of
 * 1) to see, to visualize; to form a mental picture of
 * 1) to see, to visualize; to form a mental picture of

Usage notes
"Jag ser" for "I see" as in "I understand" does not work in. See the synonyms instead.

Etymology 1
See.

Etymology 2
See.

Etymology
Cognate with 🇨🇬.

Numeral

 * 1) three

Pronoun

 * 1) it
 * 2) one

Preposition

 * 1) to
 * 2) at, in
 * 3) on
 * 4) from
 * 1) from

Usage notes
Se is only used when the referent is human. For non-human referents, is used instead.

Preposition

 * : with
 * : with, by, using
 * : with, by, using

Usage notes
Generally, when se takes a human referent, it is associative, and when se takes a non-human referent, it is instrumental, although exceptions do exist.

Conjunction

 * 1) and

Etymology
From. Cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) son

Noun

 * 1) Letter of the Arabic alphabet: ث

Etymology
From, from. Cognates include 🇨🇬 and 🇨🇬.

Pronoun

 * 1) it

Determiner

 * 1) that far

Verb

 * 1) to be almost dry
 * 2) to be wrung with pain

Preposition

 * 1) out of

Etymology 1
From.

Numeral

 * 1) four

Etymology 2
From.

Verb

 * 1) to die

Etymology 1
Proposed to be derived from, compare with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬

Alternative forms

 * (Ìkálẹ̀)

Verb

 * 1)  to cook
 * 2)  to boil
 * 1)  to boil

Usage notes

 * When to cook is intransitive use dáná.
 * When referring to leafy vegetables or meat use, when referring to water use.

Verb

 * 1)  to block; to shut
 * 2)  to miss
 * 1)  to miss

Etymology 1
From.

Conjunction

 * 1) if

Etymology 2
From, from.

Adverb

 * 1) what
 * 2) how