straf

Etymology
Formed from the verb, from , from , of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to.

Noun

 * 1) punishment, penalty

Etymology 1
Early modern Dutch, derived from. Compare 🇨🇬.

Noun

 * 1) A punishment, penalty, sanction.
 * 2) A discomfort, misfortune.

Etymology 2
From late. Further etymology is not known.

Adjective

 * 1) heavy, hefty
 * 2) spicy
 * 3) implausible, improbable

Etymology
From.

Noun

 * 1) punishment