thwart

Etymology
The adjective is derived from Early, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , borrowed from , originally the form of , from  (altered or influenced by ), from , probably from.

The English adjective is cognate with 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, (modern 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬,, 🇨🇬,  (🇨🇬, 🇨🇬, ), 🇨🇬,  (🇨🇬), 🇨🇬, 🇨🇬 (🇨🇬, , modern 🇨🇬), 🇨🇬. It is related to ; also 🇨🇬,

The adverb is derived from, ; the ' suggests the adverb was derived from the adjective, while the ' notes that the adverb is attested earlier than the adjective.

The verb is derived from, , , , and further from the adverb and perhaps also the adjective.

Noun sense 1 (“a seat across a boat on which a rower may sit”) may be derived from the adverb or adjective, from the position of the seat across the length of the boat, while noun sense 3 (“(rare) an act of thwarting”) is derived from the verb. Compare 🇨🇬, from the adjective.

Adjective

 * 1) Placed or situated across something else; cross, oblique, transverse.
 * 2)  Of people: having a tendency to oppose; obstinate, perverse, stubborn.
 * 3)  Of situations or things: adverse, unfavourable, unlucky.
 * 1)  Of situations or things: adverse, unfavourable, unlucky.
 * 1)  Of situations or things: adverse, unfavourable, unlucky.
 * 1)  Of situations or things: adverse, unfavourable, unlucky.
 * 1)  Of situations or things: adverse, unfavourable, unlucky.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech:
 * Finnish:
 * Spanish:


 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Russian:
 * Spanish:

Adverb

 * 1)  Across the direction of travel or length of; athwart, crosswise, obliquely, transversely.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Czech: ,
 * Finnish:

Preposition

 * 1)  Across, athwart.

Verb

 * 1)  To cause to fail; to frustrate, to prevent.
 * 2)  To place (something) across (another thing); to position crosswise.
 * 3)  To hinder or obstruct by placing (something) in the way of; to block, to impede, to oppose.
 * 4)  To move (something) across or counter to; to cross.
 * 1)  To place (something) across (another thing); to position crosswise.
 * 2)  To hinder or obstruct by placing (something) in the way of; to block, to impede, to oppose.
 * 3)  To move (something) across or counter to; to cross.
 * 1)  To place (something) across (another thing); to position crosswise.
 * 2)  To hinder or obstruct by placing (something) in the way of; to block, to impede, to oppose.
 * 3)  To move (something) across or counter to; to cross.
 * 1)  To place (something) across (another thing); to position crosswise.
 * 2)  To hinder or obstruct by placing (something) in the way of; to block, to impede, to oppose.
 * 3)  To move (something) across or counter to; to cross.
 * 1)  To hinder or obstruct by placing (something) in the way of; to block, to impede, to oppose.
 * 2)  To move (something) across or counter to; to cross.
 * 1)  To move (something) across or counter to; to cross.

Translations

 * Arabic: فَشَّلَ, أَحْبَطَ
 * Bulgarian: ,
 * Catalan: ,
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:
 * Czech: zmařit, zkřížit,
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Finnish:, , tehdä tyhjäksi
 * French: ,
 * German:, , ,
 * Greek:
 * Hebrew: סיכל
 * Hungarian:
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Korean: 좌절시키다
 * Kurdish:
 * Northern Kurdish:, ,
 * Latin: officio
 * Maori: whakahōtaetae, taupare, taitu, ngihangiha
 * Mongolian: саад тотгор болох
 * Polish:, pokrzyżować
 * Portuguese: ,
 * Russian: мешать исполнению (mešát’ ispolnéniju);, , ,
 * Spanish: ,
 * Swedish:
 * Thai:
 * Turkish: akamete uğratmak,, , önlemeye çalışmak


 * Bulgarian:
 * Czech: protnout
 * Finnish:
 * Polish:
 * Russian:

Noun

 * 1)  A seat across a boat on which a rower may sit.
 * 2)  A brace, perpendicular to the keel, that helps maintain the  of a marine vessel against external water pressure and that may serve to support the rail.
 * 3)  An act of thwarting; something which thwarts; a hindrance, an obstacle.
 * 1)  A brace, perpendicular to the keel, that helps maintain the  of a marine vessel against external water pressure and that may serve to support the rail.
 * 2)  An act of thwarting; something which thwarts; a hindrance, an obstacle.
 * 1)  An act of thwarting; something which thwarts; a hindrance, an obstacle.
 * 1)  An act of thwarting; something which thwarts; a hindrance, an obstacle.
 * 1)  An act of thwarting; something which thwarts; a hindrance, an obstacle.
 * 1)  An act of thwarting; something which thwarts; a hindrance, an obstacle.
 * 1)  An act of thwarting; something which thwarts; a hindrance, an obstacle.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: седалка за гребеца
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * Galician:
 * German:
 * Hawaiian: nohona waʻa
 * Hebrew:
 * Ido:
 * Italian: arcaccia
 * Maori: keretū, kīato, taumanu, paemanu
 * Norman: banc
 * Polish:
 * Portuguese:
 * Russian:
 * Scottish Gaelic: tobhta
 * Spanish: banco (de remeros) ,
 * Swedish:
 * Ukrainian:


 * German: