topsy-turvy

Etymology
The origin of the and  are. Topsy is probably derived from or  though this does not explain the -sy ending; it has been suggested that the latter comes from  (thus, top so) or from top-set or, modified to match the -y ending of turvy. The term topside-turvy is mentioned in the Anglo-Irish writer ’s novel,  (1759–1767).Turvy is probably derived from,  , with  inherited from , perhaps from  (compare 🇨🇬) or from , from ,  (whence 🇨🇬), from. Thus, the term as a whole may literally mean “having the top side thrown or turned down”.

The and  are probably derived from the adverb and adjective.

Adverb

 * 1) Backwards or upside down; also, having been overturned or upset.
 * 2)  Not in the natural order of things; in a disorderly manner; chaotically.
 * 1)  Not in the natural order of things; in a disorderly manner; chaotically.
 * 1)  Not in the natural order of things; in a disorderly manner; chaotically.
 * 1)  Not in the natural order of things; in a disorderly manner; chaotically.
 * 1)  Not in the natural order of things; in a disorderly manner; chaotically.
 * 1)  Not in the natural order of things; in a disorderly manner; chaotically.
 * 1)  Not in the natural order of things; in a disorderly manner; chaotically.

Translations

 * Bulgarian: с главата надолу
 * Finnish: nurin niskoin, nurin perin, ,
 * German: auf den Kopf gestellt
 * Italian: bilo-balo, sotto-sopra,
 * Portuguese: de ponta-cabeça
 * Russian:
 * Scots: tapsalteerie
 * Scottish Gaelic: bun-os-cionn
 * Turkish:


 * Bulgarian: в безпорядък
 * Finnish:, , , , ,
 * German: ,
 * Greek:, ,
 * Russian: ,
 * Spanish:, ,

Adjective

 * 1) Backwards or upside down.
 * 2)  Chaotic; disorderly.
 * 1)  Chaotic; disorderly.
 * 1)  Chaotic; disorderly.
 * 1)  Chaotic; disorderly.

Translations

 * Danish: på hovedet
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French: ,
 * Galician: ao revés
 * German: auf den Kopf gestellt,
 * Haitian Creole: tèt anba
 * Italian:
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål: omkalfatret
 * Scots: tapsalteerie
 * Scottish Gaelic: turrach-air-tharrach
 * Slovak: hore nohami, naopak
 * Spanish: al revés
 * Tamil: மேலும் கீழும்


 * Danish: kaotisk
 * Dutch: ,
 * Finnish: ,
 * French:
 * German: ,
 * Italian:
 * Maori: kaumingomingo, kōhangaweka, tīraurau
 * Scottish Gaelic: rù-rà
 * Slovak: domotaný
 * Spanish: caotico,

Noun

 * 1)  An act of turning something backwards or upside down, or the situation that something is in after this has happened.
 * 2)  A situation where the natural order of things has been upset.
 * 3)  Chaos, confusion, disorder.
 * 1)  Chaos, confusion, disorder.
 * 1)  Chaos, confusion, disorder.
 * 1)  Chaos, confusion, disorder.

Translations

 * Bulgarian:

Verb

 * 1)  To turn topsy-turvy or upside down; to invert.
 * 2)  To throw into chaos or disorder; to upset.
 * 1)  To throw into chaos or disorder; to upset.
 * 1)  To throw into chaos or disorder; to upset.