tortoise

Etymology
From, , , from , of uncertain origin. May be from, from , from , because it used to be thought that tortoises and turtles came from the underworld and they were commonly paired with such infernal beasts; see. Or, from. The French-looking Modern English spelling tortoise may be influenced by. Displaced native.

Noun

 * 1) Any of various land-dwelling reptiles, of the family   or the order , whose body is enclosed in a shell (carapace plus plastron). The animal can withdraw its head and four legs partially into the shell, providing some protection from predators.

Usage notes
Differences exist in usage of the common terms, , and , depending on the variety of English being used. In American usage, is often a general term;  is used only in reference to terrestrial turtles or, more narrowly, only those members of, the family of modern land tortoises; and  may refer to turtles that are small and live in fresh and brackish water.

British and Commonwealth usage, by contrast, tends not to use as a generic term for all members of the order but instead as a synonym for sea turtle specifically, and also applies the term  broadly to all land-dwelling members of the order, regardless of whether they are actually members of the family.

Land tortoises are not native to Australia, yet traditionally freshwater turtles have been called in Australia.

Translations

 * Afrikaans:
 * Akan: akyekyedeɛ
 * Akkadian: 𒃻𒅮𒈾
 * Albanian:
 * Arabic:
 * Egyptian Arabic: سُلْحِفة
 * Hijazi Arabic: سلحفة
 * North Levantine Arabic: زِلْحفِة (Lebanon)
 * South Levantine Arabic: سلحفة, سلحفة (Gaza), كركعة (Ramallah, Amman)
 * Aramaic: סלופּי
 * Armenian:
 * Aromanian: broascã, broascã tsãstoasã
 * Asturian:
 * Atayal: ksipa
 * Azerbaijani:
 * Bashkir: ташбаҡа, гөбөргәйел
 * Bau Bidayuh: diya
 * Belarusian: чарапа́ха
 * Bengali:
 * Breton:, , baot douar
 * Bulgarian:
 * Burmese:
 * Catalan:
 * Central Dusun: buu
 * Central Melanau: kejaa
 * Chinese:
 * Mandarin:, , 草龜
 * Cornish: kronek ervys, melhwioges, kroban
 * Czech:
 * Danish:
 * Dhivehi: ކަހަނބު
 * Dutch:
 * Esperanto:
 * Estonian:
 * Finnish:, maakilpikonna
 * French:
 * Old French: wecle
 * Galician:, sapoconcho
 * Georgian:
 * German:, Landschildkröte
 * Greek:
 * Ancient: κλεμμύς, χελώνη
 * Greenlandic: saaniluk
 * Hebrew:, שַׁלְחוּפָה
 * Hindi:
 * Hungarian: ,
 * Icelandic: landskjaldbaka,
 * Ido:
 * Igbo: mbeku
 * Indonesian: ,
 * Ingrian: cerepaha
 * Irish: toirtís
 * Isthmus Zapotec: bigu
 * Italian: ,
 * Japanese:, ,
 * Kannada: ,
 * Kashmiri: کٔچھوٕ
 * Kazakh: тасбақа
 * Khmer:
 * Kimaragang: landang
 * Korean:, , 땅거북
 * Kui: ସେମ୍ବି
 * Kuvi: ତାମ୍ବେଲି
 * Kyrgyz:
 * Lao:
 * Latin:
 * Latvian:
 * Lithuanian:
 * Luxembourgish: Landdeckelsmouk
 * Macedonian: желка
 * Malay:
 * Malayalam:
 * Maltese: fekruna, fkieren
 * Manx: shligganagh
 * Maori: honuwhenua
 * Marathi: कासव
 * Mi'kmaq: migjigj
 * Mongolian: яст мэлхий
 * Nahuatl: āyotl
 * Navajo: chʼééh digháhii
 * Norman: tortue
 * Norwegian:
 * Bokmål:, landskilpadde
 * Nynorsk: skjelpadde, landskjelpadde
 * Occitan:
 * Old Church Slavonic:
 * Cyrillic: желꙑ
 * Old East Slavic: желꙑ
 * Old English: byrdling, landbyrdling
 * Pali: kacchapa
 * Pashto:
 * Persian: ,
 * Plautdietsch: Schiltkjrät
 * Polish: ,
 * Portuguese:, ,
 * Romanian: țestoasă, broască țestoasă
 * Russian: ,
 * Sanskrit: ,
 * Scottish Gaelic: crùban-coille, sligeanach
 * Serbo-Croatian:
 * Cyrillic: корњача
 * Roman:
 * Sicilian: scurzària
 * Slovak:
 * Slovene:, kopenska želva
 * Somali: diindiin
 * Sorbian:
 * Lower Sorbian: nopawa, žołw
 * Upper Sorbian: nopawa, želwja
 * Spanish:, tortuga terrestre,
 * Sranan Tongo: sekrepatu
 * Swahili:
 * Swedish:
 * Tagal Murut: buu, babag
 * Tagalog: pagong
 * Tajik:
 * Tamil: ,
 * Tarantino: celóne
 * Telugu:
 * Thai:
 * Tibetan: རུས་སྦལ
 * Tocharian B: kaccāp
 * Tswana: khudu
 * Tumbuka: fulu
 * Turkish: ,
 * Turkmen: pyşbaga
 * Ukrainian: черепа́ха
 * Urdu: کچھوا
 * Uyghur: تاشپاقا
 * Cyrillic: ташпақа
 * Uzbek:
 * Vietnamese:
 * Volapük: tortug
 * Welsh: crwban
 * West Coast Bajau: kekuro
 * West Frisian: skyldpod
 * Yiddish: שילדקרויט, טשערעפּאַכע
 * Zazaki: