rum

See also: Rum, RUM, rúm, rùm, Rùm, rüm, rum., and rum-

Translingual

Symbol

rum

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2/B language code for Romanian.

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɹʌm/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ʌm

Etymology 1

In common use since by at least 1654, of uncertain origin. Theories include:

• that it derives from rum (“fine, good”), or from the last syllable of Latin saccharum (given the harsh taste of earlier rum, the first theory is now considered unlikely),
• that it is a shortening of rumbullion or rumbustion, or
• that it is from a Romani word for "strong, potent" which is (perhaps) the source of ramboozle and rumfustian (but these drinks were not originally made with rum)
• that it derives from rummer, from Dutch roemer

Alternative forms

• rhum (Philippines)

Noun

rum (countable and uncountable, plural rums)

1. (uncountable) A distilled spirit derived from fermented cane sugar and molasses.

   The Royal Navy used to issue a rum ration to sailors.

   1. (countable) A serving of rum.

      Jake tossed down three rums.

   2. (countable) A kind or brand of rum.

      Bundaberg is one of my favourite rums.

   Coordinate term: grog

2. (obsolete, slang) A strange person or thing.
3. (obsolete, slang) A country parson.
   • 1729, Jonathan Swift, The Grand Question Debated of Hamilton's Bawn:

     No company comes / But a rabble of tenants, and rusty dull rums.

Synonyms

• (spirit): rumbullion (obsolete)
• (odd person): odd duck, strange fish, weirdo; see also Thesaurus:strange person
• (odd thing): abnormality, deviant, outlier; see also Thesaurus:anomaly

Derived terms

• bay rum
• bush rum
• Cumberland rum butter
• monkey rum
• rum baba
• rum ball
• rum bosun
• rum bud
• rum butter
• rum cake
• rum popo
• rum-runner
• rum tub

 

Related terms

• baba au rhum

Descendants

• Tok Pisin: ram
• → Asturian: ron
• → Belarusian: ром (rom)
• → Burmese: ရမ် (ram)
• → Catalan: rom
• → Chinese: 萊姆／莱姆 (láimǔ)
• → Dutch: rum
• → French: rhum
• → Gamilaraay: yurraamu
• → German: Rum
  • → Czech: rum
  • → Hungarian: rum
• → Irish: rum
• → Hindi: रम (ram)
• → Urdu: رَم (ram)
• → Italian: rhum, rum
• → Japanese: ラム (ramu)
• → Korean: 럼 (reom)
• → Maori: rama
• → Mongolian: ром (rom)
• → Norwegian Bokmål: rom
• → Norwegian Nynorsk: rom
• → Polish: rum
• → Romanian: rom (via French and German)
• → Russian: ром (rom), ромъ (rom)
  • → Armenian: ռոմ (ṙom)
  • → Bulgarian: ром (rom)
  • → Georgian: რომი (romi)
• ⇒ Spanish: romo; → ron
• → Telugu: రమ్ము (rammu)
• → Thai: รัม (ram)
• → Ukrainian: ром (rom)
• → Zulu: ulwamu

Translations

distilled spirit

• Albanian: rum (sq) m
• Arabic: رَم m (ram)
• Armenian: ռոմ (hy) (ṙom)
• Asturian: ron (ast) m
• Azerbaijani: rom
• Belarusian: ром m (rom)
• Bengali: রাম (bn) (ram)
• Bulgarian: ром (bg) m (rom)
• Burmese: ရမ် (my) (ram)
• Catalan: rom (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 冧酒 (lam¹ zau²)

  Mandarin: 蘭姆酒／兰姆酒 (zh) (lánmǔjiǔ), 萊姆酒／莱姆酒 (zh) (láimǔjiǔ), 朗姆酒 (lǎngmǔjiǔ)

• Cornish: romm m
• Czech: rum (cs) m
• Danish: rom (da) c
• Dutch: rum (nl) m
• Esperanto: rumo (eo)
• Estonian: rumm
• Faroese: romm
• Finnish: rommi (fi)
• French: rhum (fr) m
• Galician: ron (gl) m
• Georgian: რომი (ka) (romi)
• German: Rum (de) m
• Greek: ρούμι (el) (roúmi)
• Hebrew: רום (he) m (rom)
• Hindi: रम (hi) (ram)
• Hungarian: rum (hu)
• Icelandic: romm n
• Irish: rum m
• Italian: rum (it) m
• Japanese: ラム酒 (ja) (ramu-shu), ラム (ramu)
• Kazakh: ром (rom)
• Khmer: ស្រាអំពៅ (sraaʼɑmpɨw), ស្រារ៉ូម (sraa roum)
• Korean: 럼 (ko) (reom)
• Kyrgyz: ром (rom)
• Lao: ເຫລົ້າອ້ອຍ (lao ʼǭi)
• Latvian: rums
• Lithuanian: romas m
• Macedonian: рум m (rum)
• Malay: rum
• Manx: rum
• Maori: rama
• Neapolitan: rùmma
• Norman: rhunme m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: rom (no) m

  Nynorsk: rom m

• Occitan: ròm (oc) m
• Persian: رم (fa) (rom)
• Polish: rum (pl) m
• Portuguese: rum (pt) m
• Romanian: rom (ro) n
• Russian: ром (ru) m (rom)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: рум m

  Roman: rum (sh) m

• Slovak: rum (sk) m
• Slovene: rum (sl) m
• Spanish: ron (es) m, romo (es) m (Belize)
• Swedish: rom (sv) c
• Tagalog: ron
• Tajik: ром (rom)
• Telugu: రమ్ము (te) (rammu)
• Thai: เหล้ารัม (lâo ram), รัม (ram), เหล้า (th) (lâo)
• Turkish: rom (tr)
• Ukrainian: ром m (rom)
• Urdu: رم (ram)
• Uzbek: rom (uz)
• Vietnamese: rượu rum, rum (vi)
• Welsh: rym m
• Zulu: ulwamu class 1a/2a

serving

• Finnish: rommi (fi)
• Romanian: rom (ro) n

kind or brand

• Bulgarian: ром (bg) m (rom)
• Finnish: rommi (fi)
• Romanian: rom (ro) n

Etymology 2

From the earlier form rome, slang for "good"; possibly of Romani origin; compare rom.

Adjective

rum (comparative rummer, superlative rummest)

1. (obsolete) Fine, excellent, valuable. [16th c.]

   having a rum time

2. (UK, informal, dated) Strange, peculiar. [18th c.]

   a rum idea; a rum fellow

   • 1838, Boz [pseudonym; Charles Dickens], Oliver Twist; or, The Parish Boy’s Progress. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I, II, or III), London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC:

     "Lor, Noah!" said Charlotte, "What a rum creature you are! Why don't you let the boy alone?"

   • 1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 27, in The History of Pendennis. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:

     [H]e stared after Pynsent stupidly, and pronounced to the landlord over the counter that he was a rum one.

   • 1878, Henry James, An International Episode‎^[1]:

     The young men had exchanged few observations; but in crossing Union Square, in front of the monument to Washington—in the very shadow, indeed, projected by the image of the pater patriae—one of them remarked to the other, “It seems a rum-looking place.”
     “Ah, very odd, very odd,” said the other, who was the clever man of the two.

   • 1951, C. S. Lewis, Prince Caspian‎^[2]:

     "Can't you see him?"
     "Well, I almost thought I did—for a moment. It's such a rum light."

   • 1976, James Herriot, All Things Wise and Wonderful, page 346:

     "She's as 'appy as Larry, but she'll neither move nor eat. It's a rum 'un, isn't it?" It was very rum indeed.

Synonyms

• (fine, excellent, valuable): exceptional, pukka, top-notch; see also Thesaurus:excellent
• (strange, peculiar): bizarre, queer, rummy; see also Thesaurus:strange

Derived terms

• rum deal
• rum go

Noun

rum (plural rums)

1. (British, colloquial, dated) Any odd person or thing.

Etymology 3

Shortening of rummy.

Noun

rum

1. (rare) The card game rummy.

Derived terms

• 500 rum
• boathouse rum

 

References

• “rum”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

See also

• rum-tum (probably etymologically unrelated)

Anagrams

• MRU, Mru, RMU, URM

Chuukese

Etymology

Borrowed from English room.

Noun

rum

1. room

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrum]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from German Rum, from English rum, originally rumbullion.

Noun

rum m inan

1. rum

Declension

Declension of rum (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumy
genitive	rumu	rumů
dative	rumu	rumům
accusative	rum	rumy
vocative	rume	rumy
locative	rumu	rumech
instrumental	rumem	rumy

Etymology 2

Probably from German Rummel (“bustle”).

Noun

rum m inan

1. rubble

   Synonym: suť

Declension

Declension of rum (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumy
genitive	rumu	rumů
dative	rumu	rumům
accusative	rum	rumy
vocative	rume	rumy
locative	rumu	rumech
instrumental	rumem	rumy

Derived terms

• rumiště

 

Further reading

• rum in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• rum in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• rum in Internetová jazyková příručka

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /romˀ/, [ˈʁɔmˀ]
• Rhymes: -ɔm

Etymology 1

From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą (“room, open space”), cognate with English room, German Raum, Dutch ruim, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼 (rum).

Noun

rum n (singular definite rummet, plural indefinite rum)

1. room (part of a building)
2. compartment
3. (chiefly definite) space (the universe except Earth and its atmosphere)

   De fravalgte at udforske rummet.

   They chose not to explore space.

   rumfarttøj (“space vehicle”), rumrejse (“space travel”)

Declension

Declension of rum

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	rum	rummet	rum	rummene
genitive	rums	rummets	rums	rummenes

Derived terms

part of building

• aftrædelsesrum
• aktivitetsrum
• arbejdsrum
• backstagerum
• baderum
• bagrum
• beboelsesrum
• bederum
• beskyttelsesrum
• bollerum
• børnerum
• computerrum
• depotrum
• ekkorum
• fitnessrum
• fixerum
• forrum
• fryserum
• fyrrum
• fællesrum
• førerrum
• gennemgangsrum
• grupperum
• gæsterum
• gårdrum
• handlerum
• hobbyrum
• hvilerum
• kedelrum
• kirkerum
• klipperum
• kommandorum
• konferencerum
• kontrolrum
• kælderrum
• kølerum
• lagerrum
• legerum
• loftrum
• loftsrum
• mandskabsrum
• maskinrum
• motionsrum
• musikrum
• møderum
• omklædningsrum
• operationsrum
• operatørrum
• opholdsrum
• panikrum
• personalerum
• portrum
• prøverum
• puderum
• pulterrum
• puslerum
• redigeringsrum
• redskabsrum
• refleksionsrum
• rygerrum
• rygerum
• scenerum
• siderum
• sikringsrum
• situationsrum
• skralderum
• sminkerum
• soverum
• stillerum
• stofindtagelsesrum
• sundhedsrum
• teaterrum
• tilflugtsrum
• toiletrum
• trapperum
• tørrerum
• uderum
• udstillingsrum
• vagtrum
• vaskerum
• venterum
• viktualierum

 

compartment

• bagagerum
• handskerum
• lastrum
• motorrum
• ovnrum
• stuverum
• varerum

 

space

• albuerum
• billedrum
• byrum
• chatrum
• enrum
• frirum
• gaderum
• hjerterum
• hulrum
• husrum
• livsrum
• luftrum
• manøvrerum
• mellemrum
• mulighedsrum
• pusterum
• råderum
• spillerum
• sømmerum
• sømrum
• tidsrum
• tomrum
• trummerum
• udfaldsrum
• verdensrum
• vådrum

 

Etymology 2

From Old Norse rúmr, from Proto-Germanic *rūmaz (“roomy, spacious, open”), cognate with English room (archaic), German raum (archaic), Dutch ruim, Chong 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃. Related to the noun.

Adjective

rum (neuter rumt, plural and definite singular attributive rumme)

2. (archaic) wide, spacious

   in the modern language only in the expressions i rum sø (“in open sea”) and rum tid (“long time”)

Inflection

Inflection of rum
	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Indefinte common singular	rum	rummere	rummest2
Indefinite neuter singular	rumt	rummere	rummest2
Plural	rumme	rummere	rummest2
Definite attributive1	rumme	rummere	rummeste
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

rum

1. imperative of rumme

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rʏm/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: rum
• Rhymes: -ʏm

Noun

rum m (uncountable)

1. rum (alcoholic beverage)

Derived terms

• rum cola
• rum rozijnen
• rumboon

 

Descendants

• Negerhollands: roem, rum

Further reading

• rum (drank) on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^nl

Fiji Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from English room.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ruːm/

Noun

rum

1. room

References

• Fiji Hindi Dictionary

German

Etymology

From dialectal German (e)rum, reduced form of herum and in some dialects darum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁʊm/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adverb

rum

1. (colloquial) Alternative form of herum (“around”)

Usage notes

• While most or all instances of standard herum can be replaced with rum in the vernacular, compounds that are inherently colloquial will typically sound odd when herum is used in them. These will appear in writing with rum or not at all.

Derived terms

• rumballern
• rumeiern
• rumsitzen
• rumstehen

Gothic

Romanization

rum

1. Romanization of 𐍂𐌿𐌼

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Rum, from English rum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈrum]
• Hyphenation: rum
• Rhymes: -um

Noun

rum (plural rumok)

1. rum (a distilled spirit)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumok
accusative	rumot	rumokat
dative	rumnak	rumoknak
instrumental	rummal	rumokkal
causal-final	rumért	rumokért
translative	rummá	rumokká
terminative	rumig	rumokig
essive-formal	rumként	rumokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	rumban	rumokban
superessive	rumon	rumokon
adessive	rumnál	rumoknál
illative	rumba	rumokba
sublative	rumra	rumokra
allative	rumhoz	rumokhoz
elative	rumból	rumokból
delative	rumról	rumokról
ablative	rumtól	rumoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	rumé	rumoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	ruméi	rumokéi

Possessive forms of rum
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	rumom	rumjaim
2nd person sing.	rumod	rumjaid
3rd person sing.	rumja	rumjai
1st person plural	rumunk	rumjaink
2nd person plural	rumotok	rumjaitok
3rd person plural	rumjuk	rumjaik

Derived terms

• rumos

 

Compound words

• rumaroma
• rumesszencia

 

Further reading

• rum in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from English rum.

Noun

rum m (genitive singular rum, nominative plural rumanna)

1. rum

Declension

Declension of rum

Fourth declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative rum rumanna Vocative a rum a rumanna Genitive rum rumanna Dative rum rumanna

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an rum na rumanna Genitive an rum na rumanna Dative leis an rum don rum leis na rumanna

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rum”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Italian

Alternative forms

• rhum

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English rum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrum/
• Rhymes: -um
• Hyphenation: rùm

Noun

rum m (invariable)

1. rum (distilled spirit)

Derived terms

• rum fantasia

Kashubian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Low German Ruum

bor.

Kashubian rum

Borrowed from Low German Ruum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈrum/
• Syllabification: rum

Noun

rum m inan

1. room, space

Further reading

• “rum”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Lower Sorbian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Low German Ruum, from Middle Low German rûm, Old Saxon rūm, from Proto-West Germanic *rūm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rum]

Noun

rum m inan (diminutive rumk)

1. room, space

Declension

Declension of rum

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	rum	ruma	rumy
Genitive	ruma	rumowu	rumow
Dative	rumoju	rumoma	rumam
Accusative	rum	ruma	rumy
Instrumental	rumom	rumoma	rumami
Locative	rumje	rumoma	rumach

Derived terms

• rumašk
• rumejza
• rumnosć
• rumny
• rumowaŕ
• rumowaś
• rumowy

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ruːm/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *rūm. Cognate with Old Saxon rūm, Dutch ruim, Old High German rūm, Old Norse rúmr, Gothic 𐍂𐌿𐌼𐍃 (rums).

Adjective

rūm

1. spacious, roomy
2. long, extended (of time)
3. liberal, extensive, ample, abundant, bountiful, expansive, generous

Declension

Declension of rūm — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūm	rūm	rūm
Accusative	rūmne	rūme	rūm
Genitive	rūmes	rūmre	rūmes
Dative	rūmum	rūmre	rūmum
Instrumental	rūme	rūmre	rūme
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūme	rūma, rūme	rūm
Accusative	rūme	rūma, rūme	rūm
Genitive	rūmra	rūmra	rūmra
Dative	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum
Instrumental	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum

Declension of rūm — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūma	rūme	rūme
Accusative	rūman	rūman	rūme
Genitive	rūman	rūman	rūman
Dative	rūman	rūman	rūman
Instrumental	rūman	rūman	rūman
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	rūman	rūman	rūman
Accusative	rūman	rūman	rūman
Genitive	rūmra, rūmena	rūmra, rūmena	rūmra, rūmena
Dative	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum
Instrumental	rūmum	rūmum	rūmum

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *rūm.

Noun

rūm n or m

1. room, space
2. a space of time, an interval
3. opportunity

Declension

Neuter

Declension of rum (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	rūm	rūm
accusative	rūm	rūm
genitive	rūmes	rūma
dative	rūme	rūmum

Masculine

Declension of rum (strong a-stem)

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	rūm	rūmas
accusative	rūm	rūmas
genitive	rūmes	rūma
dative	rūme	rūmum

Derived terms

• ġerūm

Descendants

• Middle English: roum, roume
  • English: room

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

Compare German herum.

Adverb

rum

1. around

Polish

rum

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rum/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -um
• Syllabification: rum

Etymology 1

Borrowed from English rum.

Noun

rum m inan

1. rum (distilled spirit)
2. rum (serving)

Derived terms

adjective

• rumowy

 

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Middle High German rūm, roum, from Old High German rūm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą.

Noun

rum m inan

1. (archaic, geology) broken debris, rock crumbs

Declension

Declension of rum

	singular	plural
nominative	rum	rumy
genitive	rumu	rumów
dative	rumowi	rumom
accusative	rum	rumy
instrumental	rumem	rumami
locative	rumie	rumach
vocative	rumie	rumy

Further reading

• rum in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• rum in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʁũ/ [ˈhũ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈʁũ/ [ˈhũ]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /ˈʁũ/ [ˈχũ]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈʁũ/

• Rhymes: -ũ
• Hyphenation: rum

Noun

rum m (plural runs)

1. rum

Romanian

Noun

rum n (plural rumuri)

1. Alternative form of rom

Sumerian

Romanization

rum

1. Romanization of 𒀸 (rum)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse rúm, from Proto-Germanic *rūmą, from Proto-Indo-European *rowǝ-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɵm/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

rum n

1. a room (in a building)

   Jag vill ha en lägenhet med två rum

   I want a flat with two rooms

2. space, room

   Har du rum i din väska så att du kan lägga ner min bok också?

   Do you have room in your bag so that you could put my book in it too?

   det kröka rummet

   curved space

3. (mathematics) a space

   linjärt rum

   linear space

Declension

Declension of rum
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	rum	rummet	rum	rummen
Genitive	rums	rummets	rums	rummens

Derived terms

part of a building

• arbetsrum
• badrum
• bergrum
• dagrum
• dubbelrum
• duschrum
• enkelrum
• fikarum
• finrum
• förhörsrum
• förrum
• förrådsrum
• förvaringsrum
• hotellrum
• hörnrum
• kapprum
• klassrum
• klubbrum
• krigsrum
• kylrum
• lekrum
• matrum
• miljörum
• omklädningsrum
• panikrum
• pannrum
• provrum
• rumsnyckel
• rumsren
• sammanträdesrum
• skyddsrum
• skötrum
• soprum
• sovrum
• spelrum
• stora rummet
• säkerhetsrum
• tjänsterum
• torkrum
• tv-rum
• vardagsrum
• vindsrum
• väntrum

 

space

• andrum
• armbågsrum
• grottrum
• husrum
• hålrum
• livsrum
• luftrum
• mellanrum
• rumslig
• rådrum
• svängrum
• tomrum
• äga rum

 

mathematics

• affint rum
• Banachrum
• egenrum
• euklidiskt rum
• fasrum
• funktionsrum
• Hausdorffrum
• Hilbertrum
• kompakt rum
• Minkowskirum
• sammanhängande rum
• vektorrum
• åskådliga rummet

 

Related terms

• få rum
• ge rum

 

See also

• plats

References

• rum in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• rum in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• rum in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• mur

Tarifit

Noun

rum pl (Tifinagh spelling ⵔⵓⵎ)

1. Alternative spelling of řum: straw

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English room.

Noun

rum

1. room

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zum˧˧]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [ʐum˧˧]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [ɹʊm˧˧]

Noun

rum

1. safflower